INSUBCONTINENT EXCLUSIVE:
Image caption
Adam Camilletti hopes to win a contract from Esa next year to take the design to the next level
British engineers have begun testing technologies that will be needed to bring samples of Martian rock to Earth.The Airbus team is
training a prototype rover to recognise and pick up small cylinders off the ground.It's a rehearsal for a key part of a multi-billion-dollar
project now being put together by the US and European space agencies - Nasa and Esa.Returning rock and dust materials to Earth laboratories
will be the best way to confirm if life exists on Mars.It is, though, going to take more than a decade to achieve
Media playback is unsupported on your deviceMedia captionAdam Camilletti: "The pick-up has to be done autonomously without human
interventionThe small tubes - about the size of whiteboard markers - being manipulated by the Airbus prototype represent the Martian
samples.The idea is that these will have been selected, packaged and cached on the surface of the Red Planet at various locations by the
Americans' next big rover, which launches in seven months' time
It would then be the job of a later European robot, launching in 2026, to run around and pick up the cylinders
This "fetch rover" would deliver the tubes to a handling station, from where they could be despatched to Earth
They would arrive home in 2031.Image caption
The vision system recognises the tubes and then directs the arm and claw
into position
At Airbus's Stevenage facility, they've built a "Mars yard" to simulate the Red Planet's surface
It's here that robots can be put through their paces on the sort of terrain they might encounter on Earth's near neighbour.Right now,
engineers have got a dummy rover practising the business of retrieving packaged rock samples
And, yes, the stand-ins really are whiteboard markers.A vision-based software system directs a robot arm and claw to move into position over
Very slowly, the mechanism reaches down and grabs its target.The exercise works extremely well, even when the tubes are partially buried to
mimic the aftermath of a Martian dust storm
But a sandpit in southern England is not quite Mars, where temperatures can be excruciatingly cold and the environment is bombarded with
The eventual "flight model" will need to be super-robust.Image caption
Whiteboard markers are a good stand-in: About the
right size and shape of the expected canisters
The Airbus engineers are confident, however
They have just completed construction of Esa's ExoMars Rosalind Franklin rover, which will be heading to Mars in July on a separate mission
They'll take the lessons learned from that vehicle into the development of the fetch rover, follow-on contracts from Esa permitting."We've
got a wealth of experience here in Stevenage," said engineering manager Adam Camilletti
"We've learned about how to design mechanisms, structures, electronics, overall systems, software autonomy - for working on Mars
We know the Martian environment; we know how to make things robust
And so we're going to use all that experience and expertise to make sure that 'Sample Fetch Rover' is an optimal design," he told
TheIndianSubcontinent News.Last week, Europe's research ministers approved a near-€600m (£515m;$660m) budget for the robotic exploration
It will enable Esa to push forward on the designs, not just for the fetch rover but for the other European elements in the project
These include a satellite to carry the samples from Mars orbit back to Earth
Image copyrightNASA-JPL/CALTECHImage caption
Nasa's Mars 2020 rover will find the rock samples and leave them for the
fetch rover to pick up
America has already funded and built next year's rover which will be sent to find the rock samples
But it is expected shortly to put in place a parallel funding stream to progress its other contributions
These would include a landing system and processing station
This large mechanism would release the fetch rover on its quest and then handle the retrieved sample canisters, loading them into a rocket
that could then head skyward to meet up with the European satellite
"Nobody's ever tried something this challenging before," said Mr Camilletti
"We've returned samples from space before but I don't think you'll find a project that has so many different spacecraft with such an
There's been nothing comparable." Image copyrightESAImage caption
Artwork: A US rocket will lift the samples into space;
a European satellite will do the transfer to Earth
Jonathan.Amos-INTERNET@TheIndianSubcontinent.co.uk and follow me on
Twitter: @TheIndianSubcontinentAmos
